Antibiotic-Resistant Organisms (AROs)
Quick Index
IPAC Canada is the first professional association to partner with the Canadian Antimicrobial Innovation Coalition. Learn more about this working group
ARO Links
IPAC Canada offers these links for infection prevention and control professionals and others in health care.
Links presented here do not imply endorsement by IPAC Canada.
General ARO Resources
- Strengthening Governance of the Antimicrobial Resistance Response Across One Health in Canada.
- Antibiotic/Antimicrobial Resistance (CDC)
- Antimicrobial Resistance (NIAID)
- Antimicrobial Resistance (Pan American Health Organization)
- Antimicrobial Resistance Fact Sheet (NIAID)
- Antimicrobial Resistance in Long-Term Care Facilities (position paper from SHEA)
- Antimicrobial Use in Long-Term Care Facilities (position paper from SHEA)
- Canadian Agency for Drugs & Technologies in Health (CADTH) (summaries of reviews related to Infectious Diseases)
- Canadian Integrated Program for Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance (CIPARS)
- Is the prevalence of antibiotic-resistant organisms changing in Canadian hospitals? Comparison of point-prevalence survey results in 2010 and 2012 (CMI 2015;21: 553-559)
- Controlling Antimicrobial Resistance: An Integrated Action Plan for Canadians (PHAC and CIDS)
- Antimicrobial Resistance - A Shared Responsibility (PHAC)
- Do Bugs Need Drugs?
- European Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance System (EARSS)
- National Antimicrobial Resistance Monitoring System (NARMS)(FDA)
- Northern Antibiotic Resistance Partnership (NARP)
- One Health Initiative (OHI) (Uniting human and veterinary medicine)
- Safer Healthcare Now! -A New Approach to Controlling Superbugs (NACS) Getting Started Kit
- Resistance Maps (Centre for Disease Dynamics, Economics and Policy)
- Universal Screening for Antibiotic-Resistant Organisms: A Review of the Clinical and Cost-Effectiveness (CADTH)
- WHO Global Strategy for Containment of Antimicrobial Resistance
- Antimicrobial Resistance Information Bank (WHO)
- The WHO Policy Package to Combat Antimicrobial Resistance
- Canadian Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance System Report 2016 (PHAC) / Système canadien de surveillance de la résistance aux antimicrobiens - Rapport de 2016 (ASPC)
- Rise on Antibiotic-Resistant Superbug Infographic -University of San Francisco School of Nursing and Health Professionals
- How Bacteria Build Resistance -George Washington University
Antibiotic Awareness and Antimicrobial Stewardship
- IPAC Canada Resources:
- House of Commons Standing Committee on Health Study on Antimicrobial Resistance in Canada
- President's Message [CJIC 2014, Vol. 29 No. 2]
- Position Statement: Antibiotic Use in Animal Husbandry
- Antibiotic Awareness (AMMI Canada)
- Antibiotic Awareness Week Toolkit / Trousse pour la Semaine de sensibilisation aux antibiotiques (PHAC)
- Antibiotic Awareness Week (NCCID)
- Alliance for the Prudent Use of Antibiotics (APUA)
- Antimicrobial Stewardship Program (Ontario)
- Antibiotic Stewardship in Human Medicine (IDSA)
- Core Elements of an Antibiotic Stewardship Program (CDC)
- Antimicrobial Resistance Solutions Initiative (CDC)
- Be Antibiotics Aware Stakeholder Toolkit (CDC)
- AntibioticWise video
MRSA Resources
- Annex A: Screening, Testing and Surveillance for Antibiotic-Resistant Organisms (AROs) In All Health Care Settings (PIDAC 2013)
- Legislative Mandates for Use of Active Surveillance Cultures to Screen for Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus and Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococci (position paper from SHEA/APIC)
- Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) (CDC)
- Safer Healthcare Now! ARO/MRSA Intervention: ARO/MRSA Getting Started Kit
- Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) Screening and Discontinuation of Precautions in Hospitals: Clinical Effectiveness and Guidelines (CADTH)
- Polymerase Chain Reaction Tests for Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus in Hospitalized Patients: Clinical and Cost-Effectiveness Analyses (CADTH)
VRE Resources
- Annex A: Screening, Testing and Surveillance for Antibiotic-Resistant Organisms (AROs) In All Health Care Settings (PIDAC 2013)
- Review of Literature for Evidence-based Best Practices for VRE Control (PIDAC)
- Legislative Mandates for Use of Active Surveillance Cultures to Screen for Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus and Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococci (position paper from SHEA/APIC)
- Management of Multidrug-Resistant Organisms In Healthcare Settings, (CDC)
- SHEA Guideline for Preventing Nosocomial Transmission of Multidrug-resistant Strains of Staphylococcus aureus and Enterococcus
- Vancomycin-resistant Enterococci (VRE) (CDC)
- Vancomycin resistant Enterococci : prevention and control measures for long term care facilities - Quebec INSPQ
ESBL and CPE Resources
- Recommended practices for the prevention of endoscopy-related infections (PHAC 2016)
Pratiques recommandées pour la prévention d'infections liées à des endoscopies (ASPC 2016) - Annex A: Screening, Testing and Surveillance for Antibiotic-Resistant Organisms (AROs) In All Health Care Settings (PIDAC)
- Best Practices in IPAC Related to Gram-Negative Resistance (Toolkit from CHICA/APIC/ICNA)
- Carbapenem-Producing Enterobacteriaceae (CPE) Resources
- Annex A: Screening, Testing and Surveillance for Antibiotic-Resistant Organisms (AROs) In All Health Care Settings (PIDAC 2013)
- Infection Prevention and Control Measures for Healthcare Workers in All Healthcare Settings - Carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative Bacilli (PHAC 2010)
- Guidance for Control of Infections with Carbapenem-Resistant or Carbapenemase- Producing Enterobacteriaceae in Acute Care Facilities (CDC 2009)
- Public Health update of Carbapenem-Resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) producing metallo-beta-lactamases (NDM, VIM, IMP) in the U.S. reported to CDC\CRE Toolkit - Guidance for Control of Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) (CDC 2012
- Detection, Treatment and Prevention of Carbapenemase-Producing Enterobacteriaceae: Recommendations from an International Working Group (J Chemotherapy 2013)
NDM-1 Resources
- Lancet Infectious Diseases:
- Emergence of a new antibiotic resistance mechanism in India, Pakistan, and the UK: a molecular, biological, and epidemiological study (Kumarasamy, 2010)
- The latest threat in the war on antimicrobial resistance (Pitout, 2010)
- Extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae: an emerging public-health concern (Pitout, 2008)
- JAPI: "New Delhi Metallo-b lactamase (NDM-1) in Enterobacteriaceae: Treatment options with Carbapenems Compromised"
- U.S.: "Detection of Enterobacteriaceae Isolates Carrying Metallo-Beta-Lactamase -- United States, 2010"
C.difficile Resources
- C.difficile Fact Sheet (PHAC)
- Annex C: Testing, Surveillance and Management of Clostridium difficile in All Health Care Settings (PIDAC 2013)
- Clostridium difficile Infection - Infection Prevention and Control Guidance for Management in Long-term Care Facilities (PHAC 2013)
- Clostridium difficile Infection - Infection Prevention and Control Guidance for Management in Acute Care Settings (PHAC 2013)
- Guide to Preventing Clostridium difficile Infections (APIC 2013)
- Clostridium difficile in paediatric populations (CPS 2018)
Candida auris
- Interim Guide for Infection Prevention and Control of Candida auris (PIDAC)
- Candida auris interim guidance document (PHAC)
- Candida auris (CDC)
- WHO fungal priority pathogens list to guide research, development and public health action
- What health care providers need to know about Candida auris (CCDR-PHAC)
- Effectiveness of disinfectants against Candida auris and other Candida species (Abstract)
- First reported case of multidrug-resistant Candida auris in Canada (CCDR-PHAC)
- Candida auris Outbreak in a COVID-19 Specialty Care Unit — Florida, July–August 2020
- Notes from the Field: Transmission of Pan-Resistant and Echinocandin-Resistant Candida auris in Health Care Facilities ― Texas and the District of Columbia, January–April 2021